第682章 北汉建国(1 / 2)

2.2.4明确国税、地税

后汉朝廷为了解决中央财政赤字的问题,把压力转嫁到地方,规定地方财政的盈余要全数上缴到中央。

这种做法不能解决问题,而是转移问题,把财政赤字的问题从中央踢给地方,是自欺欺人的做法。而且这么做还会严重影响地方的生产积极性,迟滞地方经济的发展。

可以说是有百弊而无一利。

郭威在登基诏书中,宣布废除这项规定,地方财政的盈余仍旧留在地方自用,不用再上缴中央。

2.2.5开放边境贸易

此前,回鹘使团每隔一年来一次中原,名为进贡,实为进货。中原王朝一般都会禁止民间与其贸易,“外贸”是由朝廷直接垄断的。这么做的原因有很多,比如保护本国金融市场等等。

郭威将此禁令撤销,宣布中原百姓可以随意与这帮老外做生意,等于把国家把利润让给了百姓。

2.2.6开放“牛皮禁”

牛皮也是一种重要的战略物资,可以用来制作铠甲、战鼓等物品,所以一直以来都是禁止民间买卖的,而由官府统一收购,按需分配。一来可以防止流入敌国,二来可以获取一定的利润。

后唐明宗李嗣源在位时,官府用食盐来收购民间的牛皮,进一步增加了官府利润;

后晋以来,连食盐也省了;显然,百姓是不愿意把如此紧俏的商品免费送给官府的,因此黑市上的“私牛皮”屡禁不止;

后汉规定:凡是买卖私牛皮一寸的,死刑。

郭威采纳了宰相李毂的建议,开放“牛皮禁”:

首先,大幅削减“牛皮税”,只需上缴原来数额的三分之一;

其次,也是最重要的,就是允许民间自由买卖牛皮,当然,这个“自由”也是有限定条件的,那就是不准卖给敌国。

如此一来,朝廷的财政税收增加了,百姓们的生产生活也更加便捷,一举两得。

2.2.7废除“买宴钱”

“买宴”就是大臣对皇上的公开贿赂,或者说是皇上对大臣的公开敲诈。大臣向皇帝上缴一笔“买宴钱”,然后皇上就请他吃一顿酒席。在当时,“买宴钱”的标准是白银五百两、绸缎一千匹,明码标价。

有的大臣愿意巴结权贵,乐意掏这笔钱,而有些较为正直廉洁的大臣对此则很反感,特别是清廉的大臣,不贪污、不受贿,哪儿来的这么多钱?

你不掏,皇上会主动碰瓷。比如史书上常见“幸某某私第”,就是皇上去某某大臣家串门做客。皇上到你家来玩儿了,你们家蓬荜生辉、光宗耀祖,然后……掏钱吧。

另外,地方藩镇诸侯来京朝觐的时候,皇上当然会略尽地主之谊,请他们吃一顿,然后……掏钱吧。

郭威对此深恶痛绝,估计他没少被刘家爷们儿敲诈过,他对身边人说道:“地方官到京师朝见天子,天子理应设宴慰劳,一顿工作餐而已,为何还要向人家收费呢?何况费用还这么高!从今往后,‘买宴钱’废除!”

2.2.8裁撤营田务

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