第409章 宋濂 我悟了(1 / 2)

其实这个疑问,并非曾经没有人想到。毕竟儒学门派众多,从先秦时的性善论、性恶论;到汉朝时的左式派,与公羊派;再到日后大明的理学心学之争。儒家观点的争论,在历史上从来都没有止歇过。

经过这么多年的争论,薄薄的一本论语加上众多学派大儒的附注,早就偏离了孔夫子原本的本意。望文生义、断章取义,都是寻常。就是随意抠出一两个字眼,那些“大儒”们都能摇头晃脑的就这一个单字,说上那么数个日夜。仿佛孔子的心机有千万重,每每说出一个字,都要隐含着千万层的含义一般。

即便是孔子复生,看到听到了这些徒子徒孙对论语的这些越扯越远的附注高论,只怕也难免要瞠目结舌,不知所云。

就如后世语文试卷上,那些阅读理解原文的作者,看到了出题老师答案中所剖析的:“作者的某句话,隐含着什么样的含义”一般。标准答案未必是原文作者想要表达的,往往只是出题老师所牵强附会的而已。

过度解读,不外如是。

这番道理,世上读书人其实心照不宣。那为何这些所谓的儒家流派还能大行于世?无非是以儒家这个旧瓶,装他们自己的新酒。

新酒香醇,看上去光鲜亮丽,便有人推崇。

说的更直白一些,“新酒”为某个阶层站台,为某个阶层争取利益,那么自然就能在这个阶层上为人支持、被人推崇于世。

譬如理学,为帝王阶层服务,宣扬“正理”,“法统”,要世人“存天理,灭人欲”。帝王统治即是天理,心中不平即为人欲。若能奉行理学,则帝王天生便具有大义,不尊奉君王者无论有何苦衷,都是贼子。女子尊奉男子,男子尊奉君王,大家什么都不要想,全都老老实实受欺负,老老实实供权贵。天下世世代代,一成不变,自然帝王的统治,也就千秋万代了。

这套理论,天生便是用来愚民的。其能够大行其道,便是因为在历史上,宋元明三代帝王,都需要这套理论,来给天下的万民套上一层枷锁。为士人阶级站台,又能受到帝王推广,所以传播最广,最为士人阶层所接受而已。

理学大兴之后,又有世世代代的潜移默化,故而士人们也早就将如今大行的理学,与正统儒学之间划伤了等号。

怀疑理学的,便是怀疑儒学。怀疑儒学的,那自然就是妖邪。如此一来,这些思想上被上了枷锁的人,便不会去想到,理学本身是不是有什么谬误之处了。

世间其实就是这样,只要习惯了枷锁,往往就不会意识到自己其实是被困在其中的。

毕竟我辈之人,其实大都是庸庸碌碌,并非人人都能龙场悟道,脱去思想上的桎梏,成就圣贤。

宋濂是有识之士,诸多学识尽在其人胸中。但论起修为与眼界,他也远还没到后世那位大明圣贤的境界。但朱肃这一番点拨,无疑为他略略冲破了一点理学所强加在他身上的禁锢:是啊,那些哲学是外门邪道,理学为何便是绝对正确的?

既然它是正确,那么奉行理学的大宋大元,又为何落到了这般的境地?

儒学自然无错,可理学,却不等于儒学!

他只觉得无数想法犹如曾经见过的钱塘之潮一般,拍打着他的脑海。这种思绪勃发的感觉,除却他幼年第一次阅读论语之时,还从未有过。这让他激动的浑身战栗,聚精会神的捕捉着那一道道一闪而过的潮思,生怕错过了一丝一毫的灵感。

世上之事有时便只是一张窗户纸,这一张窗户纸捅破之后,往往就能豁然开朗。如今他剥开理学,乃至一层层的剥开诸多的儒家学派,再去看孔圣孟圣的微言大义,每每剥开一层,便会又生出了许多此前不曾有过的感触来。宋濂也没想到临老之际,竟能有此顿悟。

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